Oil filter



Dec. 25, 1928- I E. M. scOVlLLE IL FILT a Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 19232) u E v a! W Dec. 25, 1928 1,696,735

E. M. SCOVILLE OIL FILTER Filed May 24, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec 25,1928.

E. M. SCOVILLE OIL FILTER Filed May 24, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet A, we nXom 0f bpb 3 i222. 53

Patented Dec. 25,1s2a

. UNITED STATES 1,696,735 PATENT OFFICE."

IUGEN l I. soovnma, OI MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ABSIGNOR OI ONE-BALI '10I'LOYD L. SWANBEBG, 0] DANVILLE, ILLINOIS.

on. FILTER.

Application filed Kay 24, 1883. Serial No. 841,0".

This invention relates in general to 1mprovements in the art of purlfymgo r clarifying liquids, and relates more specifically to improvements inthe constructlon and operation of cell filters especlall adapted for theautomatic treatment of uids such as lubricating oil.

A general ob'ect of the mvent1on 1s to provide a liqui filterin devicewhich 1s simple in construction and efliclent 1n operation.

Several of the more important specific objects and advantages of thepresent 1nvention are as follows To provide a compact filtering unit ofrelatively large capacity, Wh1Ch may be manufactured at minimum cost.

To provide a liquid filtering device WhlCll is entlrely automatic inoperatlon and the ca acity of which may be readily varied.

0 provide a cellular filter 1n which the cost of maintenance is aminimum, and in which any one or more of the cells may be removed wihoutinterfering wlth the normal operation of the others.

To rovide an extremely simple and compact lter cell structure which maybe conveniently' inserted in or removed from a filter umt for cleaningor inspection.

To provide eflicient means for readlly mdicating the condition of thefiltering niedium, and for effecting removal of the medium from thefilter cells.

To provide a filter which is especlally dapted to operate in conjunctionwith automatic lubricatin oil urifiers and rectlfiers.

These and ot er 0 jects and advanta s will be apparent in the course ofthe ollowing description.

Some of the novel features of oil rectifiers and purifiers disclosedherein, are claimed in copending application Serial Number 592,- 204,filed October 4, 1922, of which the present invention is a' continuationin part.

A clear conception of embodiments of the several features of the presentinvention and of the operation of filtering devices constructed' inaccordance therewith, may be had by referring to the drawingsaccompanying and forming part of this specification, in which likereference characters designate the same or similar parts in the variousviews.

Fig. 1 is an end view of an oil purifying unit, a part of the maincasing having en broken away in order to clearly illustrate theconstruction of the filtering section of the unit.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the main casing of the oilpurifying unit, showing details of construction of the filteringsection.

Fig. 3 is an enlar ed transverse vertical section through the ter su plyheader and one of the valve casings, showing the cell supply valve inclosed position.

1g. 4 is an enlarged transverse vertical section through the filtersupply header, one of the valve casings, and a cell support, showing theelements in normal filtering position.

Fig. 5 is an enlar ed vertical section through one of the cell supportsshowing fragments of a filter sack and its retainer clamped in normalfiltering position.

Fig. 6 'is an enlar ed vertical section through one of the cell supportsshowing fragments of a filter sack and its retainer released from thesupport.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged end view of one of the filter sacks showing itsretainer sections sprleiad. apart preparatory to removal of the sac Theimproved oil prises generally a gravity separatin section 4 and afiltering section, both of t ese sections being housed within a commonmain casing 2, see Fig. 2. The impure oil is admitted to the gravityseparating section of the unit and is initially rectified therein asfully described in the copending application above referred to. Thefiltering section to which the present invention relates, comprises aplurality of filter cells 3, means for conducting the partiallyrectified oil 5 from the gravity separating section 4 to the cells 3,and a collecting chamber for housing the cells 3 and for collecting thefinally purified oil 6 delivered from the filter cells 3.

Each of the filter cells 3 comprises a support 10 having a liquidconducting conduit therein, a two part Wire sack retainer 19 associatedwith the support 10, a flexible fabric filter sack 30 located within theretainer 19 and communicating with the supply conduit in the support 10,and means for detachably connecting the retainer 19 and the sack 30 tothe support 10. Each cell support 10 ,is provided with a cell conditionindicator or riser 16 having an open purifying unit comand communicatinwith the interior of the support 10, see ig. 4. The front portion ofeachcell support 10 is provided w th a pro- 'ection adapted to rest upona supporting led e 18 secured to thecasing 1n order to holfi the support10 in substantially horizontal normal position. The rear portion of eachcell support 10 is provided with a spherical seat adapted to rest withinany one of a series of spherical sockets 25 of the valve casings 22.

As clearly disclosed in Fig. each of the wire filter sack retainers 19comprises two sections which are pivotally united at the bottom andwhich are separable at the top, these sections when folded togetherproviding a cage for housing the sack 30. The sacks 30 are preferablymade of suitable filtering medium such as cotton fabric, and are oflength somewhat greater than the cage 19 in order to permit lapping ofthe u per edges of the sack over the upper ed es of the retainer 19. Theupper open en s of the sacks 30 are in open communication with theliquid. supply conduits formed in the supports 10.

The means for detachably connecting the retainer 19 and the sack 30 tothe support 10 of each filter cell 3 comprises an inverted U-shaped leafspring 11 having hooked lower ends, a vertically adjustable clamping rod12 having screw thread coaction with a medial ortion of the support 10,a collar 27 uckle 28 cooperable with opposite sides of the spring 11,and a pair of spring spreading abutments 29 formed integral with thesupport 10, see Figs. 4, 5 and 6. The lower hooked ends of the spring 11are adapted to engage the retainer 19 and sack 30 as indicated ,in Fig.5, in order to firmly unite the retainer 19, the sack 30 and the support10.

The means for conducting the partially rectified oil. 5 from the gravityseparating section 4 to the filter cells 3, comprises a horizontalheader 8 having a heating coil 21 therein, a series of equally spaceddetachable valve boxes 22 providing means of communication from theheader 8 to the individual cells 3, and a valve 17 for controlling thedelivery of. liquid through each of the boxes 22, see Figs. 3 and 4.Each valve 17 is provided with a valve stem 9 having a cell retainingreversed portion 26, and is urged towards ,its seat by means of ahelical compression spring 24. The valves 17 and springs 24 are readilyinsertible in and 'removable from the boxes 22 by virtue of theremovable valve caps 23 which also afford means for varying the tensionof the springs 24. When a cell 3 is associated with a valve box 22 asshown in Fig. 4, the rear end of the support 10 is held firmly againstthe adjacent spherical seating 25 by the spring 24 and the valve stem 9,the reversed portion 26 of which'engages a socket in the support 10.With the elements thus positioned,'the valve 17 is held open asindicated and oil 5 is free to gravitate from the header"; 8 through thevalve box 22 and into the cell 3. When the cell 3 is removed from thevalve box 22 andthe valve stem 9 is released, the valve 17 is forcedagainst its seat and prevents delivery of oil 5 from the header -8 tothevalve'box 22. Thovalve rods or stems 9 are rotatable about the axesof the valves 17 in order to facilitate insertion and removal of thefilter cells 3.

p The header 8 is preferably connected with a gage 14 located at thefront of the unit by means of a pipe 20 which passes through the spacebetween adjacent cells 3, see Fig. 2. This gage 14 indicates the levelof the oil 5 in the gravity separating section 4. The filtering sectionis also provided with a gage 15 located at the front of the unit, forindi catin the height of the purified oil 6. The filtering section isalso provided with a discharge pipe 7 for effecting delivery of purifiedoil 6. Access to the interior of the filtering section is effected bymeans of a cover 13 shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

' During normal operation of the purifying unit, the gravity separatingsection 4 is receiving impure oil and is continuously delivering thepartially purified oil 5 by gravity into the header 8. A desirablenumber of filter cells 3 are associated with the header8 in the mannershown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4, and partially urified oil 5 is permitted togravitate rem the through the valve boxes 22 into the interior of thecells 3. The oil then flows through the filter sacks 30 and is purified,the pure oil 6 passing into the space surrounding the cells 3 and theimpurities remaining within the sacks 30. The purified oil 6 is drawnoff as desired through the discharge pipe 7. In this manner, the oil isautomatically and continuously purified and deflivcred from the unit.

,The capacity of the filtering section may be readily varied byinserting or removing filter cells 3, the cells being convenientlyinsertible and removable through the door 13. As the removed impuritiescollect within the sacks 30 and clog the filtering orifices, the liquidrises within the cells and eventually becomes visible at the risers 16.When the filtering medium of a cell 3 becomes congested as indicated byrising of the liquid in its riser 16, the congested cell 3 may beremoved by releasing the valve stem portion 26 normally holding the cellin position, and liftingthe cell vertically from the filtering chamber.The retainer 19 and sack 30 may then be released from the cell support10 .by' moving the clamping rod 12 to the position shown in Fig. 6. Withthe header 8 elements thus released, the retainer sections may bereadily separated and the congested sack 30 removed and cleaned. Inorder to assemble a cell 3, it is only necessary to insert a sack 30 asshown in Fig. 7, to close the retainer 19 and to move the clamping rod12 to adjust the spring 11 to the position shown in Fig. 5. Duringclamping and release of the retainers 19 and of the sacks 30, the collar27 and knuckle 28 function to urge the spring 11 either toward or awayfrom the ad acent support 10 when the rod 12 is rotated. The abutments29 serve to spread the spring arms when the elements are being released,as shown in Fig. 6. It will thus be observed that the filter cells 3 areconveniently removable and insertible and that the filtering medium orsacks 30 may be readily romoved for cleaning and subsequentlyreinserted.

The retainers 19 serve to prevent undesirable bulging of the sacks 30 asimpurities accumulate therein, and serve to protect the sacks and tomaintain constant distances bestitute simple and efficient means forindicating the condition of the filtering medium and the gages 14, 15serve to indicate the normal condition of operation of the unit, Theheating coil 21 may be utilized to maintain the oil in fluent conditionand the valves 17 may be removed when necessary by virtue of the valvecaps 23. The entire unit may be manufactured at moderate cost and ishighly eflicient and flexible in operation.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention tothe exact details of construction and operation herein shown anddescribed for various modifications within the scope of the claims mayoccur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent 1. In acombination, a support, a divided perforated rigid sack retainerdetachably connected to said support, and a flexible sack located withinsaid retainer and removable therefrom by separation of said retainer di-VlSlOIlS.

2. In combination, a support, a divided wire sack retainer eoacting withopposite sides of said support, a sack located within said retainer andremovable therefrom by separation of said retainer divisions, and meansfor deachably clamping said re-' tainer and said sack against saidsupport.

3. In combination, a support, a longitudinally divided wire sackretainer detachabl connected to said support, and a fabric sac locatedwithin said retainer and removable therefrom by separation of saidretainer divisions.

4. In combination, an elongated support, a longitudinally divided wiresack retainer detachably connected to the elongated sides of saidsupport, a fabric sack located within said retainer and removabletherefrom by separation of said retainer divisions, and means forsimultaneously clamping the opposite sides of said retainer and of saidsack to the elongated sides of said support,

5. In combination, a support, a filter cell, a single spring forclamping said cell against opposite sides of said support, and meansmounted upon said support for releasing said cell by distorting saidspring.

6. In combination, a sack retainer comprising two sections pivotallyunited at the bot tom and separable at the top, a filter sack withinsaid retainer, and common means for uniting said retainer and said sackand for.

preventing separation of said sections.

7. In combination, a support, a sack retainer comprising two sectionsseparable at the top, a filter sack within said retainer, and commonmeans associated with said support for-uniting said retainer and saidsack and for preventing separation of said sections.

8. In combination, a support, a filter cell coacting with said support,a spring having hooked ends for holding said cell against said support,and means coacting with said support and with said spring for forcingsaid spring into engagement with said cell.

9 In combination, asupport, a filter cell, and means for detachablyconnecting said support and said cell, said means comprising abifurcated element bridging said support and means for distorting saidelement.

10. In combination, a source of liquid supply, a header communicatingwith said source and located below the liquid level in said source, alurality of filter cells communicating wit 1 said header, means foreffect-ing removal of said cells from said header and for preventingescape of liquid at the point of removal, and a riser for each of saidcells extending above said header.

11. In combination, a liquid supply header, a plurality of filter cellsdetachably communicable with said header, means for effecting removal ofsaid cells from said header and for preventing escape of liquid at thepoint of removal, and a riser secured to and communicating with theinterior of each of said cells and extending above the liquid in saidheader.

In testimon whereof, the signature of the inventor is a xed hereto.

